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whose payout starts at 75, according to   As the authors explain, the first prin-  participant buys an annuity at retire-
                 the authors.                      ciple turns on the fact that annuity issu-  ment  with the same  lifetime month-
                   Given  the  strong  outperformance  of   ers tend to offer higher prices to annuity   ly payouts  as  the  participant who  is
                 the gradual annuity purchase approach,   purchasers who are older, with the     gradually annuitizing their savings,
                 the authors suggest, it is worth asking   operative assumption being that only   that individual ends up with less liquid
 1
                 what are the sources of this advantage.   healthier older investors with greater   assets outside their annuity holdings
                 They suggest that knowing the driving   anticipated life expectancy will make   in the large majority of the return sce-
                 factors of the outperformance can shed   annuity purchases at more advanced   narios examined.
                                                                                       Many times, according to the authors,
                                                   ages, such at 65.
                 light on the main principles through
 #               which one could create a more sophis-  risk is mitigated through multiple pur-  the participant who spaced out their
                                                     The second principle, that sequence
                                                                                     annuity purchases is ahead by “a very
                 ticated  strategy  to achieve even more
                 efficient annuitization at retirement.
                                                                                     substantial amount” equal to more than
                                                   chases, is based on the simple notion
                                                   that one can reduce the variance of the
                                                                                     10 months of their final salary. Of course,
                   The authors claim that the two main
                 principles that drive the efficiency of
                                                   edly sampling from the distribution of
                                                                                     not always end up better off, but when
                 gradual annuitization are, first, the ben-  overall  investment  outcome  by  repeat-  the gradual-purchase  participant does
                 efits of early annuitization from the mit-  yields rather than taking a single sample   they do fall short of the traditional
                 igation of adverse selection issues, and   and buying at the time of retirement.  TDF participant, it is not by very much
                 second, the mitigation of sequence risk                             money. The average loss in the cases
                 through  multiple  purchases  of  annui-  CONCLUSION                where the gradual-purchase strategy
                 ties at different dates over the span of a   The authors suggest their main and   ends up behind is of the order of two
                 decade or more.                   most robust finding is that, if the TDF   months of final salary.
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