724 / How are depreciable assets grouped into general asset classes?

Assets that are subject to either the general depreciation system of IRC Section 168(a) or the alternative depreciation system of IRC Section 168(g) may be grouped in one or more general asset accounts. The assets in a particular general asset account are generally depreciable as a single asset. Such an account must include only assets that have the same depreciation method, recovery period, convention, and that are placed in service in the same tax year. An asset may not be included in a general asset account if the asset is used in a personal activity at any time before the end of the tax year in which it was placed in service.¹

Upon disposition of an asset from a general asset account, the asset is treated as having an adjusted basis of zero, and the total amount realized on the disposition is generally recognized as ordinary income. However, the ordinary income treatment is limited to the unadjusted basis of the account less amounts previously recognized as ordinary income. The character of the amounts in excess of such ordinary income is determined under other applicable provisions of the IRC (other than IRC Sections 1245 and 1250). Because the basis of the property is considered to be zero, no loss is recognized on such a disposition. Generally, the basis in the account is recoverable only through depreciation, unless the taxpayer disposes of all the assets in the account.²