1008 / When is an individual considered to be a non-resident of Canada for tax purposes?

If an individual is not considered a resident of Canada by fact, or is not deemed to be a resident of Canada by statute, then the individual will be considered a non-resident. Non-residents are not taxed on their worldwide income, but rather only on income that is derived from a source in Canada. This would include, for example, business or employment income in Canada or monies generated from a disposition of taxable Canadian property. A non-resident is also subject to Part XIII
withholding tax on income earned from property held in Canada, otherwise known as “passive” income. Examples of passive income include the payment of dividends, royalties or interest.

U.S. citizens who are non-residents of Canada but have Canadian source income must file a T1-NR Individual Tax Return with the CRA.¹ U.S. residents who are non-residents of Canada and earn only passive income need not file a Canadian tax return. Instead, a withholding tax is withheld by the payor and remitted directly to the CRA on behalf of the non-resident. This requirement imposed on payers of monies going to non-residents simplifies the CRA tax collection efforts as against non-residents.

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1. https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/services/forms-publications/tax-packages-years/general-income-tax-benefit-package/non-residents.html (2022 Income Tax and Benefit Package (for non-residents and deemed residents of Canada)).