BNY Mellon building in New York. (Photo: AP)
The Securities and Exchange Commission has announced a penalty of more than $54 million against Bank of New York Mellon, which it will pay to settle charges of improper handling of "pre-released" American depositary receipts.
ADRs, which are U.S. securities representing foreign shares of a foreign company, must have a corresponding number of foreign shares to be held in custody at a depositary bank. Under the practice of "prerelease," ADRs may be issued without the deposit of foreign shares, as long as brokers receiving them have an agreement with a depositary bank and the broker or its customer owns the requisite number of foreign shares.
However, according to the SEC, BNY Mellon improperly provided ADRs to brokers in thousands of prerelease transactions without either the broker or its customers having the required foreign shares. Doing so inflated the total number of a foreign issuer's tradeable securities, and that brought about abusive practices such as inappropriate short selling and dividend arbitrage.
"BNY Mellon voluntarily ceased engaging in prerelease ADR activity over two years ago, and cooperated extensively with the SEC to resolve this matter," a bank spokesperson said.
