Social Security ‘Fairness’ Doesn’t Come for Free

Analysis January 08, 2025 at 05:01 PM
Share & Print

What You Need To Know

  • The new law will hasten the trust fund's depletion by six months.
  • Faster depletion of the trust fund is a trade-off, as "there was a huge unfairness in the application of the WEP and GPO," says Maria Freese.
  • Eliminating the WEP and GPO will cost the system close to $200 billion over just the next 10 years, says Olivia Mitchell.
/contrib/content/uploads/sites/415/2021/02/Waddell_Melanie-Illustrated-640x640.jpg

Many Social Security advocates and longtime public workers are celebrating the Social Security Fairness Act, which President Joe Biden signed into law Jan. 5.

But the excitement around tearing down two unpopular Social Security provisions obscures an important fact, according to Olivia Mitchell of the University of Pennsylvania: The new law, which repeals the Windfall Elimination Provision (WEP) and Government Pension Offset (GPO), will hasten the trust fund's depletion by six months.

That's "concerning," said Maria Freese, senior legislative representative at the National Committee to Preserve Social Security and Medicare. That said, it's a trade-off, as "there was a huge unfairness in the application of the WEP and GPO."

Biden said at the signing event at the White House that the average benefit increase for these newly eligible public servants will be $360 per month. They also will receive a lump-sum payment for what they would have received in 2024.

I caught up with Mitchell on Wednesday to get her views on the newly passed law and what other changes may be afoot regarding Social Security.

THINKADVISOR: The Social Security Fairness Act would hasten depletion of the trust fund by six months, correct? What are your thoughts on this?

MITCHELL: The U.S. Social Security system faces insolvency within just a few years, by 2033; after that, retiree benefits cannot be paid in full, unless the system is reformed. This Act is projected to hasten the system’s insolvency date by about half a year.

I was surprised that this Act, which raises benefits for a few public-sector workers and their spouses, passed Congress and was signed by the president, yet our elected policymakers continue to ignore Social Security’s much larger problem.

If solvency is to be restored, projected benefits must be cut about 25% immediately and forever, or payroll taxes boosted by almost 40% immediately and forever, in about 10 years. Such shortsighted behavior bodes ill for our workers and retirees, since it underscores that our policymakers remain unwilling and unable to confront and solve the program’s looming red ink.

Do you see repealing the WEP and GPO as positive moves? Any negatives?

As many have argued, the Act gives extra benefits to people who didn’t pay into Social Security, compared to workers who did pay into the system over their work lives. While those favoring the Act believe they were not treated fairly under the WEP and GPO, in fact this is incorrect and eliminating the two provisions will cost the system close to $200 billion over just the next 10 years.

Do you anticipate any other Social Security-related changes in 2025?

Some have proposed raising the full (sometimes called “normal”) retirement age to age 69 (it now stands at 67) could improve Social Security solvency. This would mean that people who still claimed benefits as early as age 62 would get a lower monthly benefit than they do now.

Alternatively, if people delayed claiming to age 69, they would receive an unreduced ”full” benefit which would be less than at present. And last, under this plan, anyone who delayed claiming to age 70 would get less of a benefit boost than now for waiting that long.

In any event, this reform would need to be part of a bigger package, as it would eliminate less than 40% of the shortfall. People who want to evaluate alternative solutions should try this interactive tool — it teaches us how tough it is to restore solvency in a fair and compassionate way! Unfortunately, policymakers have delayed dealing with the problem too long to leave us any easy way out.

NOT FOR REPRINT

© 2025 ALM Global, LLC, All Rights Reserved. Request academic re-use from www.copyright.com. All other uses, submit a request to [email protected]. For more information visit Asset & Logo Licensing.

Related Stories

Resource Center