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Financial Planning > Behavioral Finance

The Future of Financial Advice Looks a Lot Like Life Coaching: Daniel Crosby

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Behavioral finance uncovered investors’ weaknesses. That’s helpful, as long as their vulnerabilities aren’t subjected to exploitation. Regrettably, that isn’t always the case.

“There’s a dark way to use behavioral finance that emphasizes the foibles of the individual investor en route to selling them expensive products and telling them that that’s the only way forward,” Daniel Crosby, psychologist and chief behavioral officer at Orion Advisor Solutions, argues in an interview with ThinkAdvisor.

The latest book from Crosby, the bestselling author and ThinkAdvisor 2024 Luminaries finalist who focuses on the intersection of mind and markets, is “The Soul of Wealth: 50 Reflections on Money and Meaning.” While its theme is how love and money coexist, the tome also offers practical financial solutions.

Only 33% of Americans have a written plan, the psychologist writes. That’s because “people take a, sort of, ostrich mentality” with their money, he maintains in the interview.

With automation’s increasing capabilities to create financial plans and design portfolios, together with clients’ need for their financial advisors to understand them, “the role of an advisor will look a lot more like a life coach,” forecasts Crosby, rather “than someone who deals strictly with people’s money.”

Here are excerpts from our conversation:

THINKADVISOR: “Wall Street needs you to think that you’re incompetent so they can sell you junk. Wall Street depends on your believing you’re bad with money so they can offer you expensive products and services to address your perceived weaknesses,” you write. Please explain.

DANIEL CROSBY: Certainly, one of the many sales tactics of finance has been to erode people’s confidence in their own ability.

There’s a dark way to use behavioral finance that emphasizes the foibles of the individual investor en route to selling them expensive products and telling them that that’s the only way forward.

[In contrast], an empowering message helps investors become aware of their weaknesses, which do exist, but simultaneously arms them with practical solutions and products for moving forward.

When an advisor uses financial jargon, the average investor thinks they know everything possible about investing; and they, the client, feel stupid. Why do advisors speak in jargon without explaining it?

I think one of the points of jargon is to create distance between the professional and the client. That’s true of other businesses and the medical field too. 

The best advisors educate and empower their clients.

You write that many financial advisors tell you they wish they had earned a psychology degree instead of a financial one. Surprising since many don’t want to pay attention to “soft skills,” insisting that their job is about the numbers. Your thoughts?

That’s changing rather rapidly. Accenture did a study a few years ago asking what people wanted from their advisors, and the No. 1 answer was “someone who understands me.”

And McKinsey did a white paper, “On the Cusp of Change: North American Wealth Management in 2030.”

It said that in the future, financial advisors are going to be counselors because the process of creating a financial plan and designing a portfolio are increasingly easy to automate. 

So the role of an advisor will look a lot more like a life coach or life quarterback than someone who deals strictly with people’s money.

That’s already big, and I think it’s going to get a lot bigger in years to come.

You must be “bold” when you invest. “Being risk-averse with your portfolio today could be the biggest real risk over the decades,” you write. So even if someone has reason to invest conservatively, they should be bold? 

People are prone to take less risk than is prudent. That’s the boldness I’m speaking of. We’re prone to a natural risk aversion [to keep the] status quo.

I’m not suggesting to be foolishly bold. But the average person should be bolder than is probably comfortable for them because our natural tendency is to be conservative.

Given all the uncertainty about the election, the economy and geopolitical strife, why aren’t folks moving more to cash instead of investing in the market at record levels, as they are?

A lot of it could be chalked up to recency bias because it’s been a good year. We know that for better or worse, investors are very prone to that bias: They assume that what happened over the last six months to a year will happen in perpetuity.

Market unpredictability “should not be feared but welcomed and embraced,” you say. Why?

Uncertainty is ever-present. People prefer bad news to no news. We have to embrace uncertainty because it’s one of life’s only constants. If you never took a risk, you’d never start a business or never fall in love.

When investing, “boring is beautiful,” you write. Please elaborate.

A lot of people are trying to be exceptional investors, trying for that extra 1% or 2% of alpha a year through their own wit, wisdom and brilliance. 

But for almost everyone, the financial game is won by not making mistakes. 

That’s why I believe boring [ways to invest are] beautiful.

Why do you advise not to delay investing an inheritance in the market? “Waiting for the all-clear [sign] could be costly,” you write. 

Research conducted by Nick Maggiulli [chief operating officer] of Ritholtz [Wealth Management] concerning windfalls found that the answer to the question of whether to invest a lump sum or to dollar-cost-average was overwhelmingly to invest the lump sum — because you’ll do better by having more time in the market.

The math is unequivocal that we should lump-sum invest. But ultimately the answer is always going to be the behavioral answer. 

So if you find that prospect [of lump-sum investing] paralyzing, dollar-cost averaging is superior to being frozen.

A Bankrate survey found that 77% of Americans feel they’re “bad with money,” overspending being “the chief sin,” you note. Why don’t they change that detrimental behavior?

Part of the reason is avoidance. People take a, sort of, ostrich mentality. They want to have fun today and figure it out later.

There are emotional reasons too. We live in a country that’s profoundly sad right now. The majority of Gen X and younger generations say they feel socially isolated and lonely.

People spend to feel better about themselves. They’re spending to fill a hole that would be better met other ways.

You write that of the 79% of Americans who have the “option of investing in a workplace retirement plan,” only 41% do. And fewer than 1 in 3 are saving using a 401(k) plan. Further, 50% of Americans don’t have life insurance coverage. And only 33% have a written financial plan. What are the implications of paying so little attention to saving for retirement?

Those stats are really jarring. Things are likely to be very lean in retirement for people who haven’t prepared, or else they’ll rely on their families or the government.

Employers, the government and the industry have fallen [short] on a couple of things. There are low levels of financial literacy nationally. 

Secondly, we need to teach people to do the right thing. And we need to make it really easy for them to do it and not shroud it in layers of technical jargon and compliance-speak. 

We need to educate, but we also need to make accessibility [for retirement saving] easy.

You write that people consider saving money and investing “a present loss.” Please explain.

We perceive saving as a psychological loss even though we know it’s good for us. 

People think, “That dollar I saved today is a loss because I could have spent it on a hamburger or a movie.”


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