Social Security Claiming: The Case of the High-Earning Couple

Case Study August 27, 2024 at 09:49 AM
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This is the latest in a series of articles featuring Social Security claiming case studies drawn from the ALM publication "2024 Social Security & Medicare Facts," by Michael Thomas with support from Jim Blair, a former Social Security administrator, and Marc Kiner, a planning expert with extensive experience in public accounting.

The Scenario: Two Above-Average Wage Earners

Bob and Lisa are a married couple who have no former spouses or children eligible for benefits on their earnings record.

Bob is a high wage earner, and Lisa is an above-average wage earner. They are close in age, so Bob and Lisa's full retirement ages are both 67.

Bob has an actuarially projected death age of 85, and his full retirement benefit at age 67 is $2,540. Lisa has a longevity projection of 87, with a full retirement benefit of $1,777.

Under this set of assumptions, the couple has as many as nine reasonable options for claiming their benefits, and the difference between the maximal and minimal projection is significant — nearly $170,000.

As the authors explore, the primary factors to take into consideration depend on when the couple wants benefits to begin. In general, benefits before full retirement age will lower the monthly benefit amount, and this reduction is permanent.

Generally, the importance of survivor benefits will determine if Bob's benefits are taken at age 62, age 70 or somewhere in between.

What the Numbers Show

The least effective strategy would see Bob file in September 2024 at age 62 for a reduced worker benefit of $1,788. Lisa also files at age 62 several months later, in February 2025, for a reduced worker benefit of $1,251. She eventually switches to a survivor benefit of $1,788.

This results in a projected lifetime benefit for the couple of $890,799 — an amount that is far from the maximum possible but which does see the couple begin to collect their monthly payments earlier. As the authors note, this approach could be necessary if no other ready sources of retirement income are available.

A big jump in projected benefits comes from assuming that Bob makes the same claiming decision to draw a reduced worker benefit ($1,788) at age 62. Lisa, however, waits to claim until she reaches age 67 in January 2030, when her full worker benefit of $1,777 is available. Later, she switches to the slightly higher survivor benefit, resulting in a projected lifetime benefit of $927,450.

An approximately $25,000 boost in benefits comes from assuming that Bob files at age 62, while Lisa files in January 2033 at age 70 for her maximum worker benefit of $2,033. This approach delivers a projected lifetime benefit for the couple of $952,127.

The projected benefit climbs about $1 million when the couple are both assumed to wait until age 67 to claim their respective full worker benefits, with Bob receiving $2,540 per month starting in August 2029 and Lisa getting monthly checks of $1,777 in January 2030.

If Lisa eventually switches to the larger survivor benefit, the couple can expect to collect a little more than $1 million in lifetime benefits.

Other small tweaks to these claiming strategies see the benefit amount rise marginally, but the optimal strategy is a clear winner, delivering some $1.1 million in projected lifetime benefits.

This strategy has Bob wait until August 2032 to file at age 70 for his maximum worker benefit of $3,149. Lisa is assumed to do the same, waiting until age 70 in January 2033 for her maximum worker benefit of $2,203 before eventually switching to the survivor benefit ($3,149).

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