An analysis published a few weeks ago by Morningstar's Christine Benz contained detailed explanations of 20 potentially costly mistakes that clients can make with their individual retirement accounts. That doesn't mean it offered an exhaustive list of IRA errors or potential issues to consider.
Benz, Morningstar's director of personal finance and retirement planning, warns in her report that IRAs are subject to a "Byzantine" set of detailed tax rules that affect withdrawals, required minimum distributions, Roth conversions and rollovers.
Comments shared earlier this week with ThinkAdvisor by a number of CFPs and wealth planners confirmed Benz's insights. Prospects come in the door after having made any number of errors, ranging from delaying IRA contributions because of short-term market considerations to failing to reinvest unneeded RMDs or not paying enough attention to beneficiary designations.
A number of additional advisors later wrote to expand upon Benz's list of IRA mistakes, including Crystal McKeon, a CFP with TSA Wealth Management in Houston, and Jaime Quiñones, a CFP and wealth management advisor at Stockade Wealth Management in Marlboro, New Jersey.
Remember the Roth 401(k)
Reflecting on Benz's third mistake — thinking of IRA contributions as an either/or decision— McKeon said another mistake is failing to account for the potential to contribute to both pre- and post-tax accounts within an employer's 401(k). Despite their increasing prevalence, many savers fail to realize that Roth 401(k) accounts are even a thing.
"If your employer has the option to contribute to a Roth 401(k), then I think that is a good strategy — to put your employee contribution into the Roth," McKeon wrote. "Then the employer match is usually contributed to a pre-tax account. This allows you to balance your investments in both pre- and post-tax accounts relatively easily."
If clients want to change the percentages between the pre- and post-tax contributions, they can split the employee contribution between the two strategies until finding the right allocation.
Failing to Send QCDs Directly From an IRA
Speaking to Benz's 18th mistake to avoid — overlooking the tax mitigation opportunity presented by making qualified charitable distributions from an IRA — McKeon said the best practice is to avoid having the check flow through the client's hands.
"In addition to using RMDs to rebalance their portfolio, we also encourage our charitable clients to send their donations to the charities from their IRA accounts," McKeon explained. "Our custodian will write the check directly to the charity, and the client never needs to take possession of it. This allows our clients to still support charities important to them, but they also do not have to accrue additional unwanted taxes from their RMDs. These charitable donations do not count towards their income."
