Near-retirees who are depending on bond funds to maintain the value of their assets without taking excess equity market risk are still vulnerable to having their financial plans steered off course by rapidly rising interest rates.
As noted in a new report published by the well-known retirement researcher Wade Pfau in collaboration with Equitable, this concept shifted from abstraction to reality in 2022. The year brought stock and bond markets losses in the double digits, and the pain on the bond side was mainly driven by rising interest rates.
As Pfau explains, rapidly rising rates reduce the value of existing bonds, but investors who fear equity market volatility often feel they have little choice but to stick with their bond-heavy portfolio allocations. This is because the traditional approach of investing only in stocks and bonds creates a big limitation.
"The only mechanism [such] an investor can use to adjust the distribution of potential returns is the allocation of their savings between the asset classes," Pfau notes. In this binary framework, moving away from bonds means taking more risk in the equity market, which itself may be a bigger worry for some investors.
Fortunately, according to Pfau's latest work, there is an emerging alternative approach for advisors and investors to consider, and it involves using structured investment products as a complement to the standard 60/40 portfolio.
Recent innovations in the structured annuity market, in particular, offer an alternative distribution of returns through guarantees that offer both the opportunity for growth and protection against loss, Pfau says.
As Pfau explains, structured annuities use financial derivatives to create a structured return that changes the shape of the portfolio's projected return distribution and the relationship between downside risk and upside potential.
Though the mechanics are somewhat complicated, when added to a diversified portfolio, these solutions may provide an opportunity for household investors to improve their financial outcomes by offering a beneficial trade-off between upside and downside risk, he says.
Ultimately, Pfau argues, the growing category of structured annuity products provides an alternative for households to manage market risks as they approach retirement. He says these annuities allow an investor to design their own distribution of investment outcomes to better manage downside risks, while still providing participation in the market upside.
Structured Annuities Gaining Attention
"The ability to better manage downside risks can lay a foundation for either needing less savings to successfully retire, or to enjoy a higher standard of living from a given asset base," Pfau posits.
Speaking with ThinkAdvisor about his latest project, he emphasized that this research is focused on asset accumulation during the run-up to retirement. Often, when people hear the word "annuity," he explained, they tend to think more or less exclusively about retirement income.
"It's exciting because this research project with Equitable is actually broken into two phases, and this first phase is not specifically talking about retirement income," Pfau notes. "That will be the second part of the project. This initial phase is about exploring the question of what having a structured return on a portion of your investments can allow you to do with the overall asset allocation and your risk and performance goals."
According to Pfau, advisors and their clients are used to talking about bell curve distributions of stocks and bonds, and about setting limits on both the upside and the downside. Generally, advisors seek to limit the downside while the client is approaching retirement, at the expense of potential upside performance.
"Well, we are asking, what if you change that approach in a more fundamental way, for example by bringing a registered index-linked annuity into the picture, one that features a buffer on the downside performance," Pfau explains.
