There is no question that the market conditions enjoyed by investors so far in 2023 have been far superior to those in 2022, even with lingering volatility and big questions still being asked about high inflation and rising interest rates.
The reprieve has been welcomed by investors and financial advisors, says Jeremy Milleson, director of investment strategy at Parametric Portfolio Associates, but that doesn't mean this year has been without its challenges. Among these, Milleson says, has been the concentrated outperformance among a handful of big-name companies, especially earlier in the year.
As Milleson recently told ThinkAdvisor, positive performance is always welcome in a portfolio, but one must take care to understand where the performance is coming from and what it looks like at a granular, stock-by-stock level — especially if one sees tax mitigation as an important goal in the investment management process.
Milleson says portfolio managers at Parametric are asking just such questions as the end of the year quickly comes into view, and the answers are helping them to understand when, why and how to engage in tax-loss harvesting efforts.
It's challenging and engaging work, Milleson says, but the results should deliver added value to clients who are expecting their advisors and managers to help them reduce taxes while maintaining access to the market's full upside.
A Better, if Uneven, Year for Stocks
As Milleson recalls, this year has seen very strong performance from a number of big-name stocks, many (but not all) of them in the technology sector, while the broader market as represented by the S&P 500 has enjoyed more muted gains — including a roughly 3% drop in the third quarter.
So, while performance is up overall, much of that performance has been centered around a relatively limited number of companies, and there are still plenty of positions with negative returns.
"The so-called 'Magnificent 7,' for example, saw very strong performance so far for the year," Milleson explains, referring to the grouping of Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, Alphabet, Nvidia, Tesla and Meta. "Their performance has moderated more recently, but they have still posted very solid gains for the year."
The result of this dynamic, Milleson suggests, is that any investors whose portfolio strategies have seen them underweight these key names have seen their performance lag significantly behind the full market index.
A related result is that investors who are pursuing tax-mitigation techniques in their portfolios, such as tax-loss harvesting, have had to be more strategic about where they are sourcing said losses.
"This year has been a good test case for why harvesting losses throughout the year should be a consideration for investors who are using separately managed accounts and direct indexing," Milleson says. "This approach gives you the opportunity to own the underlying assets directly, so the whole market doesn't have to be up or down at a given moment for you to take advantage of potentially short-lived opportunities in different parts of the portfolio."
By the end of this year, the full market could likely be up, Milleson says, so "grabbing losses along the way" is going to be prudent.
How Concentrated Performance Affects Tax Management
As Milleson explains, these mixed market dynamics add a layer of complexity to the already sizable job of effective tax-loss harvesting in direct indexed portfolios and separately managed accounts.
"Remember, when we are tax-loss harvesting, we are selling out of names that are standing at a loss and thereby effectively trimming those names down so they are underweight to the benchmark," Milleson notes. "The question then becomes about just how much you want to sell down those names, especially when they are the biggest components of the underlying index and the biggest potential driver of performance looking forward."
