Graduation season often sparks conversations between financial advisors and their clients about saving for college.
Higher education is a significant investment for many families. Advisors can make this investment less daunting by helping clients create a tax-smart college savings plan.
There are several strategies to help clients support children, grandchildren or others pay for college. The key is aligning those strategies with the client's goals and financial circumstances.
1. 529 College Savings Plan Accounts
One of the most common approaches to saving for college is opening a 529 college savings plan. A client can create an account for any individual — including children, grandchildren, nieces, nephews, friends, or even friends' children or grandchildren.
Funds within a 529 plan are dedicated to "qualified higher education expenses." This includes tuition, fees, books, supplies, equipment and room and board at eligible colleges and universities. Funds can also be applied to up to $10,000 a year of K-12 private or public school tuition, as well as up to $10,000 total per beneficiary for student loan payments.
Several tax benefits contribute to the popularity of 529 plans:
- Accounts are not subject to income tax and can grow tax-free. Withdrawals for qualified education expenses are also tax-free. (Non-qualified distributions are subject to tax and a 10% penalty.)
- In certain states, individuals can receive an income tax deduction for contributions to their state's 529 plan.
- Gifts to a plan account qualify for the annual gift tax exclusion, which allows individuals to give up to $17,000 in 2023 to any individual without any tax consequences. In addition, when giving to a 529 plan account, an individual can front-load up to 5 years of annual exclusion gifts. This allows individuals to make a larger gift all at once and have that amount grow tax-free for a longer time.
- The owner of a plan account can control the investments and distributions of the account without having the account included in their estate for estate tax purposes. That is typically not true when a donor retains that type of control.
A 529 plan account is a great option for clients looking to maximize their savings with the assurance that funds are dedicated to education.
2. UTMA Accounts
Under the Uniform Transfers to Minors Act (UTMA), an individual can set aside funds in a custodial account for a minor child. The process can be as easy as opening as a traditional bank or investment account. In addition, there is no restriction on the type of assets that can be held by a UTMA custodian, which provides added flexibility.
