When an individual trusts a financial institution with their hard-earned savings, they generally assume the money will be there for them when they need it.
But what happens if that institution has serious financial troubles and needs to be taken over, as was the case recently with Silicon Valley Bank and Credit Suisse?
With fresh concerns looming about other financial organizations, including the brokerage titan Charles Schwab, the question is likely in the minds of many clients.
Simply put, there are key safeguards to protect investors in such circumstances, but the ultimate level of coverage depends on many factors. These include the type of institution being considered, one's specific investments, and how their accounts are structured and titled.
According to experts with Buckingham Wealth Partners, financial advisors can deliver a lot of peace of mind to their clients by proactively communicating with them about the protections their accounts enjoy. It is also critical to spotlight and respond to cases where clients' decisions about where to invest assets and how to title their accounts may be putting their wealth in unnecessary jeopardy.
To that end, Buckingham's Kevin Grogan and Brian Haywood hosted a webinar on Wednesday to present facts that all advisors should know about the sources and limits of different types of deposit insurance. They also discussed the deposit insurance questions coming in most commonly from clients.
Grogan is chief investment officer at Buckingham, while Haywood directs the firm's fixed income trading desk. According to the pair, many client investors have only a vague understanding of the deposit insurance protecting their various accounts, and there are more than a few broadly held misconceptions that can lead to poor decisions and excess anxiety.
Here is a rundown of Grogan and Haywood's top insights about deposit insurance nuances, the questions clients are asking, and what steps advisors can take to ease client fears and better protect their wealth.
1. What is the FDIC, and why is it important?
While clients have often heard the acronym, relatively few understand exactly what the FDIC is.
As Haywood explains, the FDIC is shorthand for the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.
Stated simply, the FDIC is an independent agency created by Congress in the immediate wake of the Great Depression to maintain stability and public confidence in the nation's financial system. It has never missed an insurance payment in its history, Haywood points out.
As the name suggests, the FDIC insures deposits, but it also examines and supervises financial institutions for "safety, soundness and consumer protection."
It also is the entity tasked with making large and complex financial institutions "resolvable" when they become insolvent, and it manages receiverships.
2. Are there limits on FDIC protections?
As Haywood emphasizes, the FDIC offers a significant degree of asset protection, but there are limits based both on the amount of assets under consideration and the type of accounts in which the assets are held.
Covered accounts generally include normal checking accounts, negotiable order of withdrawal accounts, savings accounts, money market accounts, certificates of deposit, cashier's checks and money orders.
As Haywood says, the FDIC covers cash and similar assets deposited in "basically any standard account issued by an insured bank."
Examples of commonly held but uncovered assets include stocks, bonds, mutual funds and annuities held in brokerage accounts — although these may enjoy other types of insurance protection.
Even when an account is covered, there is normally a $250,000 insurance limit that applies per depositor for each insured bank. That is, a given individual can enjoy far higher than $250,000 in coverage, but not if all their money is held in one account in one institution.
3. What are ownership categories, and why do they matter?
Ownership categories are the designations according to which the FDIC considers and applies its "per depositor, per insured bank" insurance limit.
The common account ownership categories include single accounts, joint accounts, retirement accounts, revocable trusts, irrevocable trusts and employee benefit plan accounts, among others.
Put simply, each of these is a separate ownership category that gets its own insurance amount within an insured institution, the Buckingham experts explain. In other words, insurance coverage is capped at $250,000 per depositor, per insured bank, for each account ownership category.
Therefore, a given individual or couple could enjoy more than $250,000 in protection for assets held in a single institution, presuming those assets are held across different ownership categories.
4. Is there a difference between bankruptcy and receivership?
As Grogan and Haywood explain, in a Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing, the goal is to restructure the business while simultaneously attempting to satisfy the needs of parties that have an economic interest in the estate.
In a receivership, the goal is to maximize returns of the assets typically to one or more creditors.
