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Shipped off to the Middle East for involuntary active duty in the U.S. Naval Reserve, Lt. Cmdr. Harvey R. Klyce has just begun a year-long tour in a war zone. But on top of that, as a Wells Fargo financial advisor, Klyce is fighting another war, one that pits him against his former employer, Morgan Stanley.
In a phone interview from Bahrain, in the Persian Gulf, the Annapolis grad with an honored career in the military told ThinkAdvisor about his battle with Morgan Stanley, one from which he is unlikely to emerge victorious.
Lt. Cmdr. Harvey R. Klyce
The firm says that Klyce, 49, a six-year advisor with an ultra-high net worth clientele, owes the balance on his forgivable promissory note. For his part, Klyce says that Morgan defrauded him in recruitment and violated the military leave law. FINRA arbitration and California state court, denying his motion to vacate the panel's decision, say he must pay Morgan $535,000, including $175,000 in attorney fees.
Klyce's options: Pay Morgan Stanley; appeal to federal court; or file for bankruptcy, a move that will prevent the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority from revoking his brokerage licensees. The third seems the only realistic recourse since, after maxing out his credit cards to pay his own lawyer's fees, the FA has "run out of money," he says.
Incensed, Klyce is calling for an Securities and Exchange Commission investigation into FINRA, whose intra-industry dispute resolution process, he charges, is "…a kangaroo court" run by the big firms whom arbitration panels favor.
A FINRA spokesperson, commenting on Klyce's case by email, said: "FINRA strives to provide the fairest and most efficient forum for all parties — investors, firms and brokers — to resolve disputes."
Morgan Stanley declined to comment for this article.
While on military leave, Klyce, a father of five young children, is temporarily protected from debt collection, including Morgan's judgement against him, by the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act.
Last month, the advisor, with Wells Fargo in San Francisco, wrote to SEC Commissioner Hester Peirce asking for an investigation into Morgan Stanley's "unlawful actions" in his arbitration. He wrote that "FINRA has done nothing to police Morgan Stanley" and that the firm "should not be allowed to destroy evidence and hide behind FINRA."
The MBA had been heavily recruited by Morgan Stanley, and he left J.P. Morgan Securities — where he began his career as an FA only two years before, in 2011 — to join the firm. But Morgan Stanley, he says, broke all the promises it made that enticed him to switch firms.
Following a decade in telecommunications in California and the Middle East, where he founded a venture capital firm in Bahrain, Klyce, a California native, returned to the U.S. post-financial crisis and began a new career as a financial advisor with J.P. Morgan in San Francisco. There, specializing in clients with $5 million or more, he earned a salary plus commissions.
Two years later, he moved to Morgan Stanley with a comparable compensation package of $300,000 structured around a forgivable loan and promises that he could pursue his Middle East relationships as prospective Morgan clients, he says. At J.P. Morgan, he was unable to do so, as its international business was conducted from New York only, Klyce maintains.
(Related: Why Are So Many Advisors Leaving Wirehouses?)
Now with Morgan Stanley, he was shocked when the firm failed to permit him to prospect international clients. Further, his payout was about half of what the firm had promised, and no accommodation was made for his Naval Reserve obligation, he alleges. Because his income was far smaller than expected and shrinking, a year-and-a-half in Klyce resigned to seek a job to support his family and pursue his Middle East contacts.
Joining Credit Suisse, he transitioned to Wells Fargo Advisors not long thereafter under a recruiting agreement the two firms arrived at in 2015.
Meanwhile, Morgan Stanley had taken Klyce to arbitration for his promissory note balance. He counterclaimed false inducement, among other claims.
Last year, the panel ruled in favor of the bank. When Klyce filed a motion to void that decision with a counterclaim for up to $9 million, on Jan. 31, 2018, a California court confirmed the FINRA award.
Klyce contends that during the arbitration, Morgan destroyed and withheld evidence, alleged acts that the FINRA panel disregarded, he says.
A graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy, Klyce was an officer on active duty from 1990 to 1998 and has been awarded two air medals for personal achievement while in flight. He directed electronic warfare operations in the Bosnian War; from London, presided over execution of more than 300 military operations with 15 former Eastern bloc countries; and wrote electronic reconnaissance operations' political and military policy for North Africa and the Middle East.
In civilian life, Klyce started his own venture capital company in Abu Dhabi, raising funds in the Middle East to invest in tech companies.
ThinkAdvisor interviewed the advisor by phone shortly after he reported to Bahrain for active duty. On military leave from Wells Fargo, he sounded defeated yet outraged at what he termed an unfair FINRA arbitration and was worried about deleterious effects a bankruptcy will have on his future as a financial advisor. Here are excerpts from our conversation:
THINKADVISOR: You lost an arbitration and a motion to vacate it in court. What's your situation now?
HARVEY KLYCE: I'm in a war zone in a uniform. If I don't reach agreement with Morgan Stanley on a payment plan or file Chapter 7 bankruptcy, FINRA pulls my licenses. I'm trying to find a lawyer to file Chapter 7 or to negotiate some settlement with Morgan Stanley. But the comment I got from their lawyers was: "after someone challenges us, we never settle."
What will you do?
It looks like my only option is bankruptcy. But that means when I come back to San Francisco in a year, my ability to do this business is changed because I have to disclose that to every new client I bring into Wells Fargo. There are no good answers for me.
You could appeal in federal court.
To do that, I need to have at least $50,000. I've already spent about $20,000 fighting Morgan Stanley. I've run out of money.
The Servicemembers Credit Relief Act protects you from collection while on active duty in a war zone, doesn't it?
Yes, but it's very difficult to coordinate things being so far away. I'm hoping Morgan Stanley will give me enough time to try to figure something out before they unilaterally come after me. But I think they can put a motion in place in the courts to garnish my wages without my knowledge or rebuttal.
What's your best-case scenario for the future?
The best case scenario is for the SEC to investigate FINRA because they'll find that my case isn't the only such case. I think it's institutionalized behavior. Countless advisors have been driven into bankruptcy and had their lives ruined by it. I have a list of 395 advisors that had arbitration disputes with Morgan Stanley, and 97% had very similar outcomes to mine. It's difficult to believe that all of those [FAs] were wrong.
Your opinion of FINRA's dispute resolution process is pretty low.
When I watch an arbitration panel paid by the banks decide my disagreement with Morgan Stanley, there's an appearance of collusion. I'm not saying it is collusion. But it definitely has the appearance of it, especially since there's no way to get anybody to talk to me about the points [I raised].
What do you mean?
No one in this whole process has explained to me why what I'm saying in my case is wrong. All [Morgan Stanley] said is that it was a promissory note. We don't care what we do to you. Pay us money.
