A look back at our 2016 health insurance predictions

December 26, 2016 at 03:15 AM
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We've been making year-end health insurance forecasts in roughly the same format since 2014.

For 2014 and 2015, our predictions worked reasonably well.

For 2016, our crystal ball got stuck. Information about the performance of some parts of the Affordable Care Act system is so slow in coming, and so incomplete and hard to interpret, that it's hard for us to know whether the predictions really failed, have to be answered with information that will arrive later, or are about situations that are still in flux.

One thing that's clear about the predictions, and the new predictions we made last week for 2017: The Affordable Care Act is an attention magnet.

For consumers, what really matters is keeping themselves healthy, with access to good, affordable care when they do get sick, to maximize their well-being today, and minimize their risk of facing disability or needing long-term care tomorrow.

For employers, the goals are keeping their employees healthy and productive, and maximizing the value of what they're spending on benefits.

For brokers and insurers, the main goals are making a good living by meeting consumer, employer and health care providers' needs.

But in the ACA world, the critical, eye-catching priority seems to be knowing what the federal government is up to today. And, to a lesser extent, what state agencies and nonprofit groups that look a bit like government agencies (the National Association of Insurance Commissioners, the National Conference of Insurance Legislators, and the like) are doing.

The regulatory blender is whirring so rapidly in the individual commercial health insurance market that it somehow makes the Medicare Advantage market and the Medicare supplement insurance market, two very highly regulated markets, look like blessed islands of stability. 

Here's a look at our own evaluation of how we did at reading the health insurance system crystal balls for 2014 and 2015.

Maybe you can use your own evaluation of our past forecasts to rate how accurate our 2016 forecast might be.

 The collapse of the CO-OPs did not become much of a campaign issue. (Photo: Thinkstock)

Some CO-OPs succeeded at attracting many young invincibles who knew how to use Twitter and Facebook. But the collapse of the CO-OPs did not become much of a campaign issue. (Photo: Thinkstock)

1. Letting large numbers of CO-OPs fail will come back to haunt candidates in both parties: WRONG

Drafters of the Affordable Care Act provided funding for a new breed of member-owned, nonprofit health insurers, that would help increase the level of competition in the private health insurance market, then promptly got out of Congress and left the infant CO-OPs in the hands of Republicans who hated them and Democrats who weren't all that enthusiastic, as the winds of ACA health system change began to howl.

The wave of CO-OP failures that started in 2015 accelerated in 2016. Some of the CO-OPs that are still in business have enrollment growth caps in place for 2017.

But the CO-OPs do not seem to have attracted enough voter love, or voter hate, for the CO-OP failures to have become much of an issue during the 2016 election campaigns. They seemed to be part of the ACA repeal background noise.

 No CO-OP has become a gorilla, but some are still here and may have a chance to do so. (Image: Thinkstock)

No CO-OP has become a gorilla, but some are still here and may have a chance to do so. (Image: Thinkstock)

2. At least one CO-OP will grow up to be a gorilla: INCOMPLETE

Most of the CO-OPs seem awfully quiet right now. But Evergreen Health Inc., Maryland's Baltimore-based CO-OP, says it has investors who will help it convert to for-profit status and shake off the problems created by the CO-OP program framework. Maybe Evergreen Health and some of other surviving CO-OPs will still find ways to grow up to be health insurance chest thumpers.

 Some non-CO-OP health insurers looked as if they had a bit of a fever. (Photo: Thinkstock)

Some non-CO-OP health insurers looked as if they had a bit of a fever. (Photo: Thinkstock)

3. At least one traditional health insurer will come down with a serious case of the same flu that's killing the CO-OPs: UNCLEAR
 

Some traditional insurers seem to be on track to lose huge sums of cash due to problems with three big Affordable Care Act buffer programs for insurers. So far, none has publicly entered receivership because of those problems. But it's interesting to see that the committees at the Kansas City, Missouri-based National Association of Insurance Commissioners that deal with insolvencies have not talked much in public about ACA-related insolvencies. No public bad news might mean that there is no bad news, or that whatever news there is happens to be too depressing to discuss in public.

Donald Trump and other Republicans have talked frequently about changing Medicaid, but not much about canceling Medicaid expansion. (Photo: Trump's campaign)

Donald Trump and other Republicans have talked frequently about changing Medicaid, but not much about canceling Medicaid expansion. (Photo: Trump's campaign)

4. Medicaid expansion will last as long as federal money is there to pay for it, and pretend to exist for years after that: INCOMPLETE

For now, at least, Republicans seem to be avoiding talking about specific attacks on the Medicaid expansion program. Even some advocates of the most aggressive efforts to repeal and replace the ACA have talked about replacing Medicaid expansion by giving state large blocks of cash to spend on Medicaid as they want, not by directly cutting Medicaid expansion funding. 

No one seemed to give much attention to the details in candidates' health policy proposals this year. (Image: Thinkstock)

No one seemed to give much attention to the details in candidates' health policy proposals this year. (Image: Thinkstock)

5. The candidates on the ballot in November 2016 will have to show they know how to set up and run the ambitious programs they're promising to build: WRONG

Voters may have believed that Donald Trump knew a lot more about how to fix Obamacare than Hillary Clinton, but they never pressed him for more details. They just trusted him to get the details right. Trump said he would repeal and the ACA, and he gave a general description of what his replacement program would look like, and that seemed to be more than enough to satisfy the voters.

Clinton talked a little more about supporting the Affordable Care Act, and how she might improve it, but voters and reporters did not seem to press her for details about her proposals, either.

Private exchanges were pretty quiet this year. (Image: Thinkstock)

Private exchanges were pretty quiet this year. (Image: Thinkstock)

6. Private exchanges will crowd out most of the public exchanges: INCOMPLETE 

In 2016, most private exchanges seemed to go about their business without putting out many press releases. But Louisville, Kentucky-based Humana Inc. gave private exchange programs a boost by reporting that the loss of a large group Medicare Advantage plan contract to a private exchange had cut its group Medicare Advantage plan enrollment.

Private exchanges may get a new chance to shine in 2017, now that the climate in Washington is friendlier toward for-profit companies.

Some of the public exchanges look as if they might be drought-resistant. (Image: Thinkstock)

Some of the public exchanges look as if they might be drought-resistant. (Image: Thinkstock)

7. At least one public exchange will grow like a weed: MAYBE

It's not clear how well Covered California can survive in the new era, but it will end 2017 with about 1.2 million coverage users.

Another public exchange, Connect for Health Colorado, reported higher-than-expected membership and an operating profit for the first five months of its fiscal year, in spite of the loss of some of its carriers between 2015 and 2016.

The people who talk about this in public seemed to do OK, but maybe that's because they're the ones who did OK. (Image: IRS)

The people who talk about this in public seemed to do OK, but maybe that's because they're the ones who did OK. (Image: IRS)

8. The first mandatory Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form 1095-B insurer coverage reporting year and mandatory Form 1095-C coverage offer reporting year will go poorly: INCOMPLETE

The people willing to give interviews about this topic seem to have gotten their coverage notice forms out, and the people those sources know seem to have gotten their forms out. It's possible, however, that there are many organizations that are avoiding the coverage notice topic because all of the notices they should have sent are stuck in a drawer somewhere. 

As of December, the IRS had not published 1095-C filing figures for the 2016 tax filing year. That might be a sign of filing pain.

Another sign of filing pain might be the move the IRS made in November, to give employers until March 2 to get coverage offer notices to employees and other recipients.

Few Republicans seem to be talking openly about bringing about the kind of medical underwriting that was used in many states in 2009. (Photo: Thinkstock) 

Few Republicans seem to be talking openly about bringing about the kind of medical underwriting that was used in many states in 2009. (Photo: Thinkstock) 

9. Trying to bring back any but the most limited form of medical underwriting will lead to a ferocious backlash: INCOMPLETE

At this point, few Republicans seem to be bragging about the idea of bringing back the kind of full medical underwriting that took place in the individual market in most states up until Jan. 1, 2014.

Republicans are talking about the idea of bringing about risk pools for people with health problems, and especially for people with health problems who fail to keep major medical coverage in place after they reach adulthood.

If risk pools come back, debates about a return to medical underwriting might be disguised as debates about who gets risk pool coverage, and how insurers or others decide who gets risk pool coverage and who gets regular coverage. 

Advocates for self-insured employer health plans are starting to talk about problems with the benefits limit ban. (Photo: Thinkstock)

 Advocates for self-insured employer health plans are starting to talk about problems with the benefits limit ban. (Photo: Thinkstock) 

10. Policymakers will look for pretty ways to package limits on benefits: INCOMPLETE

Advocates of replacing or changing the ACA seem to be much more likely to talk about a return of limited-benefits health insurance products than a return to full medical underwriting.

AgileHealthInsurance.com, a Mountain View, California-based arm of Health Insurance Innovations Inc., reported in results from a survey of 1,572 U.S. consumers that 57 percent said coverage for hospitalizations, lab tests and emergency care should be mandatory, but that only 38 percent thought benefits for mental health care and drug and alcohol rehabilitation services should be mandatory.

Employers that sponsor self-insured and issuers of employer stop-loss insurance could also press for new conversations about benefits limits. Employers and their stop-loss providers seem to be seeing many more patients with medical costs of $10 million or more, and they contend that benefits caps would give the providers a much stronger incentive to find ways to hold down the costs of those patients' care.

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