MetLife Inc. Chief Executive Officer Steve Kandarian has a $350 billion problem.
That's the value of the fixed-income investments held by his company, the largest U.S. life insurer. When bonds mature, which happens a lot in a portfolio of that size, he typically has to reinvest at rates that have been suppressed by years of central bank stimulus policies.
The rest of the industry has been suffering, too, with the S&P 500 Life & Health Insurance Index on pace for a third-straight annual decline. MetLife, No. 2 Prudential Financial Inc. and American International Group Inc. are all expected to report a drop in operating earnings per share this week, according to analysts surveyed by Bloomberg.
"It's a slow bleed," Alessandro Valentini, a portfolio manager at Causeway Capital Management LLC, which oversees $40 billion including investments in Prudential, said of the pressure from low interest rates. "But it's clearly an issue."
Low rates may prove a more enduring challenge than even Kandarian's fight against government regulation. He told a panel of regulators in 2014 that the biggest risk for his company was being designated a systemically important financial institution, a tag that can bring tighter capital rules. The next-largest challenge, he said, was persistently low bond yields.
'Extremely Challenging'
In March, a federal judge struck down the SIFI label for the company, a ruling that is being appealed by the government. But yields on 10-year Treasuries are stuck below 2 percent, less than half the average over the past two decades. And MetLife stock, even after a rally on the judge's decision, still trades for less than its 2013 closing price.
"The macro environment remains extremely challenging and shows little sign of near-term improvement," Kandarian wrote in his annual letter to shareholders last week. "Management actions seem less relevant to MetLife's stock price than daily movements in interest rates, equity markets and foreign currencies."
Still, the CEO said there is plenty for the company to do to improve its long-term prospects. Kandarian has charged some policyholders more for retirement offerings and shifted the company's product mix to focus more on businesses such as workplace benefits and third-party asset management.
Variable Annuities
Kandarian even announced in January that he was weighing a possible sale, spinoff or public offering of a domestic retail unit. An exit from that operation would limit risks tied to variable annuities, retirement products where results are pressured by low interest rates.
Prudential, which counts Japan as its second-largest market, is favoring 20-year to 40-year government bonds in that country rather than shorter-duration securities that can have negative rates. The Newark, New Jersey-based insurer has dropped 4.6 percent from Dec. 31 through Friday after falling 10 percent last year and 1.9 percent in 2014.
Allstate Corp., which relies more on property-casualty insurance, announced in March that it helped form a rail-car leasing company. Life insurer CNO Financial Group Inc. said the next month that it would invest $250 million with Tennenbaum Capital Partners, including a bet on direct lending.
Insurers are "looking at areas where there may be yield that is outside of their historical sweet spot," Steven Schwartz, an analyst at Raymond James Financial Inc., said in a phone interview. "You've seen a number of companies enter bank loans. You've seen companies enter real estate."
Doug Kass, the founder of Seabreeze Partners Management, has said that one way to profit from low interest rates is to short the stocks of life insurers.
