If one thing has become glaringly evident in this long-running election season, it's the broad discontent among Americans about their financial circumstances. The sentiment is notably strong among those at greatest risk to the vicissitudes of the economy and the markets because of their nearness to retirement — baby boomers.
According to a new study from the Insured Retirement Institute, "Boomer Expectations for Retirement," a 6th annual update on the group's retirement preparedness, financial concerns among America's 76-plus million boomers are significant and rising. The fragility of their financial condition is apparent in a range of questions posed by IRI, from whether they'll have to cover healthcare expenses in retirement to their ability to provide for surviving family members after their passing.
The trend line is clear in a core measure of the survey: economic satisfaction. As the study shows, this has dropped sharply since 2014. This year, just 43 percent of boomers say they're happy with their lives from an economic vantage point, down from 65 percent in 2014 and 77 percent in 2013.
A key reason for the precipitous dip: Fewer boomers are confident in their future and in ability to manage their finances. These drivers of economic satisfaction, the report notes, have "fallen almost continuously" since IRI's inaugural report on boomer retirement expectations in 2011.
(The drop isn't limited to boomers. According to a recent IRI report, just over 6 in 10 (64 percent) of GenXers are content with their lot, down from 83 percent five years ago.)
Conversely, a growing number of boomers are planning to retire later. More than one in four boomers (26 percent) intend to leave the workforce at age 70 or later, up from 17 percent in 2011. A larger group (33 percent) plans to retire between the ages of 65 and 69, up from the 26 percent IRI reported in 2011 and 2012. Again, financial confidence — or lack thereof — underpins the trend.
"Confidence [among boomers] in having enough money to live comfortably throughout retirement, that they are doing a goodjob preparing financially for retirement, and that they will have enough money for health care expenses and long-term care, have all fallen," the report states. "These drops in confidence are likely directly related to a lack of planning and growing uncertainty about the future, as well as lower retirement savings and increased concern about retirement expenses." This concern is mirrored in boomers' reduced confidence relative to prior years as to whether they:
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Will have enough money to last throughout retirement: (24 percent in 2016 vs. 27 percent in 2015)
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Are doing well financially preparing for retirement (22 percent vs. 25 percent)
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Will have enough money for healthcare expenses in retirement (27 percent vs. 28 percent); and
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Will have enough money to pay for long-term care expenses (16 percent vs. 19 percent).
Departing from the downward trend, a marginally higher percentage of boomers surveyed this year said they will be "more financially secure" than their parents in retirement (37 percent in 2016 vs. 36 percent in 2015). This year's result also matches that of 2011, though is down from 2012 (41 percent).
How might they have better prepared for retirement? Most of the boomers polled in 2016 said they should have started saving earlier (64 percent). Likewise, a majority agreed that they should have saved more (62 percent), though fewer than one in five (17 percent) acknowledged they should have maximized employer plan benefits.
In each of these areas, the help of a financial services professional could have made a difference. Yet just over a quarter of boomers (27 percent) sought the assistance of an advisor. Among those doing without, fewer than 4 in 10 (39 percent) endeavored to calculate how much they would need in retirement.
Rules of thumbs used for making such determinations (e.g., saving 10 or 15 percent of income) often prove inadequate when a wildcard enters the mix: out-of-pocket healthcare expenses in retirement. This number can vary widely, depending on the individual's health status, insurance coverage and lifestyle.
A majority of boomers surveyed this year (51 percent) peg the cost of healthcare as a percentage of income at between 10 and 30 percent. This is down from 57 percent in 2015 and 60 percent in 2014.
Smaller percentages estimate the cost at 10 percent or less (30 percent in 2016, down from 21 percent in 2015) or over 30 percent of income (19 percent in 2016 vs. 22 percent in 2015).
Whatever the actual price tag, a lot of the boomers polled could have a tough time meeting post-retirement healthcare expenses given their current financial difficulties.
"Most notably, 30 percent of boomers have stopped contributing to their retirement accounts, have found it more difficult to pay mortgages or rent, and have postponed plans to retire — all higher than in recent years," the report states. "And almost twice as many have taken premature withdrawals from retirement accounts."
"While premature withdrawals are not as common as in 2011, this was trending down prior to spiking this year," the report adds. "With large numbers of working boomers so close to retirement, this is a worrisome development."
The survey also reveals that:
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16 percent of boomers believe they will be able to pay for the cost of long-term care, down from 24 percent in 2012.
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Only 55 percent of boomers have money saved for retirement, down from 58 percent last year and from more than three in four in prior years.
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Boomers citing Social Security as a major source of retirement income jumped to 59 percent, versus 42 percent five years ago.
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Only one in four boomers expect significant income from an employer-provided pension. Those citing defined contribution (DC) plans as a major source of income dipped to 23 percent in 2016 from 34 percent in 2014.
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60 percent of boomers believe their retirement income will cover basic expenses and some travel and leisure, yet only 55 percent have retirement savings.
See the bar charts beginning on the next page for additional highlights from the IRI study. (Click on the charts to enlarge.)
