(Bloomberg) — Digging beneath the surface of what was otherwise an unremarkable month for U.S. stocks exposes a rare event that bodes well for bulls if history is any guide.
While the Standard & Poor's 500 Index finished February 0.4 percent lower, what's remarkable is that the benchmark retraced almost 95 percent of a loss that topped 5 percent. Such reversals happen just once every four years on average in data going back to World War II, with stocks trading higher by 12 percent a year later compared with a normal 12-month return rate of 8.7 percent.
While trepidation remains that uncertain Federal Reserve interest-rate policy and slowing growth in China could still derail stocks, more than $1 trillion was restored to equity values in the final two weeks of the month, as investors who sent stocks to their worst start to a year on record found solace in rising oil prices and firming U.S. economic data. The rally that started Feb. 12 also got a boost from falling valuations, the return of corporate buybacks and a squeeze on bears who had expected declines to deepen.
"Most of the selloff in the first half of the month was due to concerns about the global financial condition," said Jack Ablin, the chief investment officer at BMO Harris Bank NA in Chicago. "We had low expectations, but actual conditions came in better than expected, which helped change the attitude."
Enthusiasm was tempered on the month's final day, as the S&P 500 slumped 0.8 percent to finish at 1,932.23. While the slide gave the index its third straight monthly loss, the longest retreat since 2011, the index still added more than 100 points from its low in February. The Dow Jones Industrial Average climbed 0.3 percent, overcoming a slide that reached 4.9 percent at its trough.
The S&P 500 climbed 0.9 percent at 10:15 a.m. in New York on the first day of March.
Based on past intramonth rebounds similar to February's, the S&P 500 will rally to about 2,160 in a year. Wall Street strategists currently predict the index will end the year at 2,158, according to the average of 21 estimates compiled by Bloomberg.
As the bull market in American equities approaches its seventh anniversary, pullbacks that previously generated buying opportunities have failed to spark lasting rallies since August, when China's surprise devaluation of its currency and crude's slump to levels last seen in 2009 roiled financial markets. The S&P 500 remains 9.3 percent below its May record.
Reasons for optimism have been growing, though, as data on the pace of economic expansion and manufacturing topped expectations amid signs that consumers can continue to power the world's largest economy. A monthly retreat in the dollar bolstered the prospects for corporate earnings that have fallen for three straight quarters.
