The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority said it's examining trading in the $3.5 billion of general-obligation bonds that Puerto Rico sold this month.
The self-governing U.S. territory sold the debt March 11, in the biggest-ever high-yield offering for the $3.7 trillion municipal market. The issue gave the island, which was cut to junk last month, enough cash to pay bills through June 2015, as officials try to revive a shrinking economy.
Hedge funds made up the majority of buyers in the tax-exempt deal, according to David Chafey, chairman of the island's Government Development Bank. The securities mature in July 2035 and priced to yield about 8.73%.
Sale documents stipulate that "the bonds shall be issued in the minimum denomination of $100,000 and any integral multiple of $5,000 in excess thereof," unless one of the three largest rating companies raise Puerto Rico to investment grade.
The bonds were free to trade March 11. Since then, they changed hands in at least 75 transactions less than $100,000, data compiled by Bloomberg show. The bonds' highest price, 100 cents on the dollar, was for a $25,000 trade at 10:47 a.m. in New York on March 12.
Activity Examined
Asked about whether Finra was looking into the smaller trades, spokesman George Smaragdis said in an e-mail that the independent monitor of the securities business was "aware of the situation and is examining trading activity" in the bonds.
Trades below the minimum amount for investors that don't already own at least $100,000 of the debt violate the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board's Rule G-15 subsection F, said Martha Haines, who led the Securities and Exchange Commission's Municipal Securities office from 2001 to 2011.
"These are intended for institutional purchasers, or at least for people that can afford the risk by making it a minimum denomination of $100,000," said Haines, who teaches municipal finance at the Maurer School of Law at Indiana University in Bloomington.
The rule Haines referenced states that brokers and dealers can't execute a trade of a municipal security that's below the minimum denomination of the issue, according to the MSRB's website.
