A recent survey from the Urban Institute pins some numbers to just how much health care costs will affect boomers' retirements. Assuming future costs grow at the rate projected by Medicare trustees, the median annual out-of-pocket costs will more than double between 2010 and 2040, from $2,600 to about $6,200. Furthermore, nearly 10 percent of people 65 and older will spend over $14,000 each year on health care in 2040 when the youngest boomers reach 76.